Punishing second-order free riders before first-order free riders: The effect of pool punishment priority on cooperation
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Sustainable institutionalized punishment requires elimination of second-order free-riders
Although empirical and theoretical studies affirm that punishment can elevate collaborative efforts, its emergence and stability remain elusive. By peer-punishment the sanctioning is something an individual elects to do depending on the strategies in its neighborhood. The consequences of unsustainable efforts are therefore local. By pool-punishment, on the other hand, where resources for sancti...
متن کاملEmergence of responsible sanctions without second order free riders, antisocial punishment or spite
While empirical evidence highlights the importance of punishment for cooperation in collective action, it remains disputed how responsible sanctions targeted predominantly at uncooperative subjects can evolve. Punishment is costly; in order to spread it typically requires local interactions, voluntary participation, or rewards. Moreover, theory and experiments indicate that some subjects abuse ...
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In an industry with upstream economies of scale in the distribution of differentiated products to retailers which have monopoly power within separate local market areas, the retailers have an incentive to exert monopsony power due to the divergence between average and marginal costs in the distribution of those inputs. The retailers increase their ability to exert monopsony power by forming coa...
متن کاملCapitalizing on Free Riders in P2P Networks
Free riding is a common phenomenon in P2P networks. Although several mechanisms have been proposed to handle free riding— mostly to exclude free riders, few of them have actually been adopted in practical systems. This may be attributed to the fact that they are nontrivial, and that completely eliminating free riders could jeopardize the sheer power created by the huge volume of participants in...
متن کاملVoluntary rewards mediate the evolution of pool punishment for maintaining public goods in large populations
Punishment is a popular tool when governing commons in situations where free riders would otherwise take over. It is well known that sanctioning systems, such as the police and courts, are costly and thus can suffer from those who free ride on other's efforts to maintain the sanctioning systems (second-order free riders). Previous game-theory studies showed that if populations are very large, p...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Scientific Reports
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2045-2322
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13918-8